Italian Viking
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Chapter 5 - ANCIENT GREEK
Abacus→ ____ The flat, usually square, slab forming the top of a capital, directly under the entablature.
Acanthus→ ____ A plant whose foliage inspires a leaf like architectural ornamentation.
Acropolis→ ____ The citadel of an ancient Greek city, located at its highest point and consisting of temples, a treasury, and sometimes a palace.
Agora→ ____ An open space in a Greek town, used as a central gathering place or market.  In Roman times, called a "forum".
Amphiprostyle→ ____ Describing a building, usually a temple, with porticoes at each end but without columns along the other two sides.
Amphora→ ____ an ancient Greek jar for storing oil or wine, with an egg-shaped body and two curved handles.
Anta/Antae→ ____ Rectangular pier or pilaster found at the ends of the framing walls of a recessed portico.
Archaic Smile→ ____ The curved lips of an ancient Greek statue, usually interpreted as a half-smile,
... the smile is because the statue knows standardized tests haven't been invented yet, so he'll never have to learn stuff like the definition of "archaic smile"
Architrave→ ____ Bottom layer of an entablature, beneath the frieze and the cornice.
Attribute→ ____ Symbolic object or objects that identify a particular deity, saint or personification in art.
Black-figure→ ____ Decorative style of ancient Greek pottery in which black figures are painted on a red clay background.
Calyx Krater→ ____ Bell-shaped Greek vessel for mixing wine and water.
Caryatid→ ____ Sculpture of a draped female figure acting as a column.
Cella→ ____ Principal interior structure at the center of a Greek or Roman temple.
Centaur→ ____ In Greek mythology, a creature with the head, arms, and torso of a man, and the legs and hindquarters of a horse.
Chiton→ ____ Thin sleeveless garment, fastened at waist and shoulders, worn by men and women in ancient Greece.
Classical→ ____ In general, any art with the qualities of restraint, balance and rational order exemplified by ancient Greece and Rome.
Corinthian Order→ ____ One of the three principal types (or "Orders") of Classical columns.  Corinthian is the most decorative.
Cornice→ ____ The uppermost section of an entablature.
Dentil→ ____ Small, tooth like blocks arranged in a continuous band to decorate a Classical entablature.
Dipteral→ ____ Term describing a building surrounded by two rows of columns.
Doric Order→ ____ One of the three principal types (or "Orders") of Classical columns. Doric is the least decorative of the three Orders
Drum→ ____ The wall that supports a dome.
Echinus→ ____ Circular element found on a Doric or Ionic capital.
Elevation→ ____ Arrangement, proportions and details of any vertical side or face of a building.  A buildings main "elevation" is usually its facade .
Encaustic→ ____ Type of painting technique utilizing pigments mixed with a medium of hot wax.  Typical of ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome.
Entablature→ ____ The horizontal elements above a column. From top-to-bottom, the entablature has three sections: cornice, frieze and architrave.
Entasis→ ____ Slight bulge built into the shaft of a Greek column, to give the optical illusion from afar that the column is straight.
Expressionism→ ____ Art in which forms are created primarily to evoke subjective emotions rather than to portray objective reality.
Finial→ ____ Knoblike architectural decoration usually found at the top point of a spire.  Also found on furniture.
Foreshortening→ ____ Illusion created on a flat painted or drawn surface in which figures and objects appear to recede or project sharply into space.
Frieze→ ____ Middle section of an entablature, usually decorated. ALSO, any continuous flat band of relief sculpture.
Himation→ ____ In ancient Greece, a garment wrapped around the body, with a rectangular piece of cloth thrown over the shoulder.
Hydria→ ____ Large ancient Greek and Roman jar for storing water.
Idealization→ ____ Making forms and figures attain perfection, based on pervading cultural values or the artist's mental image of what the ideal is.
In antis→ ____ Term used to describe the position of columns set between two walls, as in a portico or a cella.
Ionic→ ____ One of the three principal types (or "Orders") of Classical columns.  Ionic columns have volutes (scroll-shapes) at the top.
Kore→ ____ Archaic Greek statue of a young woman.
Kouros→ ____ Ancient Greek statue of a young man or boy.
Krater→ ____ Ancient Greek vessel for mixing wine and water. Many subtypes, each with their own shape.
Maenad→ ____ In ancient Greece, a female statue often depicted in swirling drapery.
mausoleum→ ____ Monumental building used as a tomb.
Metope→ ____ Rectangular spaces, sometimes decorated but often plain, on a Doric frieze.
Molding→ ____ Shaped or sculpted decorative strip with varying contours and patterns.
Mosaic→ ____ Image formed by small colored stone or glass pieces affixed to a hard, stable surface.
Naturalism→ ____ Style of depiction in which the physical appearance of the image in nature is the primary inspiration.
Necking→ ____ Molding at the top of the shaft of a column.
Negative Space→ ____ Empty or open space within or bounding a work, which emphasizes the overall form of the work.
Oracle→ ____ Person, usually a priest or priestess, who acts as a conduit for divine information.
Order→ ____ A system of proportions in Classical architecture.
(There are three MAJOR orders you MUST know and be able to recognize -- Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.)
Orthogonal→ ____ Any line running back into the represented space of a picture perpendicular to the imagined picture plane
... and if that definition makes absolutely no sense to you don't blame me.  I'm just the typist here.  Go talk to Stokstad.
Palmette→ ____ Fan-shaped ornament with radiating leaves.
Pedestal→ ____ Platform or base supporting a sculpture or other monument.  ALSO, the block found below the base of a Classical column, raising the entire element off the ground.
Pediment→ ____ Triangular gable over a portico, window or door. Formed by an entablature and sloping roof.
Peplos→ ____ Loose outer garment work by women of ancient Greece, belted below the bust or at the hips.
Peripteral→ ____ Term used to describe any building (or room) surrounded by a single row of columns.
Podium→ ____ Raised platform that acts as the foundation for a building.  Most often used for Etruscan, Greek and Roman temples.
Porch→ ____ Covered entrance on the exterior of a building.
Pronaos→ ____ Enclosed vestibule of a Greek or Roman temple, found in front of the cella and marked by a row of columns at the entrance.
Propylaia→ ____ Large, often elaborate, gateway to a temple or other important building.
Prostyle→ ____ A term used to describe a Classical temple with a colonnade placed across the entrance.
Red-figure→ ____ A style of ancient Greek vase painting characterized by red clay-colored figures on a black background.
Rosette→ ____ A round or oval ornament resembling a rose.
Sanctuary→ ____ The space around the altar of a church.
Slip→ ____ Mixture of clay and water applied to a ceramic object as a final decorative coat.
Stadium→ ____ In ancient Greece, race track with tiers of seats for spectators.
Stoa→ ____ A Greek portico or promenade with long rows of columns. Used as a meeting place.
Stucco→ ____ Mixture of materials easily molded.  When dry, produces a very durable surface used for covering walls.
Stylobate→ ____ In Classical architecture, the stone foundation on which a temple colonnade stands.
Tempera→ ____ Painting medium made by blending egg yolks with water and pigments.
Tholos→ ____ Small, round building, sometimes built underground, similar to a Mycenaean tomb.
Treasury→ ____ A building or room for keeping holy (and often highly valuable) objects.
Triglyph→ ____ Rectangular blocks between the metopes of a Doric frieze.  Has three carved vertical grooves, which approximate the appearance of the ends of wooden beams.
Volute→ ____ Spiral scroll, most often decoration on an Ionic column's Capital.
Volute krater→ ____ Greek vessel for mixing wine or water, with handles shaped like scrolls.
White-ground→ ____ Type of ancient Greek pottery in which the background is painted white, and figures are painted or incised into this background.